Types of Sets In Mathematics is the collection of objects whose components fixed and can’t be altered. Also, sets defined to be a well-defined set of objects. These objects are also referred to as components that make up the set. The items in the set can’t be repeated within the set, but may be written out in any sequence. The set is marked in capitals.
For Example:
P = 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
The parts of a set in math are encased in curly brackets that are distributed by Commas, as seen in the previous example. In this post we’ll try to understand the different the different mathematical sets by providing examples.
Different Types of Sets
Things are more appealing when they are arranged in an orderly manner. In mathematics, the term “characters” refers to numbers and symbols, objects or anything else that could be put into groups or arranged and can be described as an array.
Sets in maths are crucial for students to not just comprehend the math concepts but also to use the concepts in everyday life. Placing objects in the same category and placing them into one category helps you find objects quickly and appears tidy too.
The distinct sets include blank set, finite set one tone sets, the equivalent set subsets, power sets superset, universal set and the infinite set. Learn about the unique sets by examining examples.
Finite Set
A set of elements that has an undetermined amount of components is referred to as finite sets. Also we can define a set as one that does not contain any element or a specific amount of components is deemed to be finite. A set that is empty can also be called a finite set.
Example:
- Set P = {4,5,6,7,8,9,10} is a finite set, as it has a finite number of elements.
- The set of different colours in the rainbow is also an example of a finite set.
Infinite Set
In complete contrast to the finite one, the infinite set will contain an infinite number of components. If a set that is presented is not finite, it is the infinitesimal set.
Example:
- A = {p : p is a whole number}
There are infinite whole numbers. Therefore, A is an infinite set.
- C= {z: z is the ordinate of a position on a provided line}
There can be infinite points on a line. Therefore, C is an infinite set.
Null Set
A set that doesn’t contain any element is called null sets. The cardinality of a null set has zero. The null set, also known as the empty set, is represented with this symbol and is understood as the word phi. As a roster, it is {showed by identified by the symbol.
A set that is empty is considered as a finite set since the number of elements or symbols that are in an empty collection is limited, i.e., zero(0).
Example:
P = {y : y is a leap year between 2004 and 2008}
As we can see, between 2004 and 2008, there was no leap year. Therefore, P = ϕ.
Singleton Set
A set consisting of just one element is referred to as a singleton set.
Example:
- P= {y : y implies neither composite nor prime}
The given set P is a singleton set as it contains one element, i.e., one.
- Q = {y : y signifies a whole number that is less than one}
The set Q set includes only one element that is zero{0}
Universal Set
This fundamental set is known as “Universal Set”. It is usually represented as U, and all its subsets are identified by the letters A B, C, etc. For instance, for the complete set of integers, The Universal Set can be the set of rational numbers in studies of human population. The universal set comprises all the inhabitants all over the world.
Example:
Consider if set A = {2,3,4}, set B = {4,5,6,7} and C = {6,7,8,9, 10}
Equal Set
Two sets can be declared as equal sets and only if they’re similar and, in addition, their components are the same.
Example:
- Here, each element of P is an element of Q, i.e., P ⊆ Q.
- Also, every element of Q is an element of P, i.e., Q ⊆ P.
- Therefore, sets P and Q stand for equal sets.
Equivalent Sets
The number of distinct elements that make up a particular set A is known by the term “cardinal” A and is indicated with n(A).
Example:
- A = {3, 2, 5} Here n(A) = 3.
- B = {r, s, t} Here n(B) = 3.
- Therefore, A ↔ B.
Disjoint Sets
If the two sets X and Y don’t have any common elements and their intersection result in zero(0) Then set X is known as disjoint sets.
Example:
It can be represented as;, X ∩ Y = 0.
Subset
Take A and B as two sets. If each of the elements in A is in set B, we could say that the elements from set A belong to set B, then A is considered being an element of B that is a subset and it is designated by the symbol A B.
Example:
Set A= {p, q, r, s, t, u}
Set B= {m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u}
Then we can state A ⊆ B.
Super Set
If a Set P can be described as a subset set Q, we state it is superset P and we refer to the set as Q. It is used to signify ‘is a subset of’.
Example:
A = {a, e, i, o, u}
B = {a, b, c, d, e, f…………., z}
Power Set
The entire set of subsets is referred to as power sets. We know that this empty set to be one set, and each set is an individual subset. Let’s take an example of set X = 2,3. Based on the statements above, we could write,
Example:
{} is a subset of {2,3}
{2} is a subset of {2,3}
{3} is a subset of {2,3}
{2,3} is also a subset of {2,3}
Therefore, power set of X = {2,3},